ਸਿੱਖ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ

ਭਗਤ ਭੀਖਣ (1480-1574)

ਭਗਤ ਭੀਖਣ

ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਰਚਨਾਵਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਮੁੱਖ ਰੱਖਦੇ ਹੋਏ ਕਈ ਵਿਦਵਾਨਾਂ ਨੇ ਆਪ ਨੂੰ ਹਿੰਦੂ ਸੰਤ ਵੀ  ਕਿਹਾ ਹੈ ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ  ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇ ਮੁਸਲਮਾਨ ਹੋਣ ਦਾ ਕੋਈ ਚਿੰਨ੍ਹ ਨਹੀਂ ਮਿਲਦਾ, ਆਪਜੀ ਨੂੰ  ਇਸਲਾਮ ਧਰਮ ਦੇ ਸੂਫੀ ਪ੍ਰਚਾਰਕ ਮੰਨਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਆਪ ਜੀ ਦਾ ਜਨਮ ਪਿੰਡ ਕਾਕੋਰੀ, ਲਖਨਉ ਵਿੱਚ 1480 ਈ. ਨੂੰ ਹੋਇਆ “ਡਾ. ਤਾਰਨ ਸਿੰਘ”  ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਅਕਬਰ  ਦੇ ਰਾਜ  ਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਪੈਦਾ ਹੋਏ ਅਤੇ  ਇਸਲਾਮ ਧਰਮ ਦੇ ਸੂਫੀ ਉਪਦੇਸ਼ਕਾ ਮੰਨਦੇ ਹਨ1 “ਭਾਈ ਕਾਹਨ ਸਿੰਘ ਨਾਭਾ” ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਕਾਕੋਰੀ ਦਾ ਵਸਨੀਕ ਅਤੇ ਸੂਫੀ ਫਕੀਰ ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਾਨਤਾ ਦਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ। “ਮੈਕਾਲਿਫ” ਵੀ ਇਸ ਧਾਰਣਾ ਨੂੰ ਸਵੀਕਾਰ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ।

ਭਗਤ ਭੀਖਨ ਜੀ ਦੀ ਬਾਣੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਗਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ ਜੀ ਦੇ ਅੰਗ 659, 660  ਵਿੱਚ ਉਨ੍ਹਾ ਦੇ ਦੋ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਰਾਗ ਸੋਰਠ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਨ। ਬਾਣੀ ਦੇ ਪਹਿਲੇ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਦੀ ਮੁੱਖ ਭਾਵਨਾ ਬੈਰਾਗ ਹੈ1 ਇਸ  ਵਿਚ ਨਾਮ ਦੇ ਮਹੱਤਵ ਨੂੰ ਦਰਸਾਇਆ ਹੈ ਤੇ ਅਤੇ ਦੂੱਜੇ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਬੈਰਾਗ, ਅੰਜਨ ਮਾਹਿ ਨਿਰੰਜਨ ਦੇ ਬਾਅਦ ਅਕਾਲਪੁਰਖ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤੀ  ਦਾ ਜਿਕਰ ਹੈ ਤੇ  ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਰਨ ਵਿਚ ਮੁਕਤੀ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਦਾ ਰਾਹ ਦੱਸਿਆ ਹੈ।

ਹਰਿ ਕਾ ਨਾਮ ਅਮ੍ਰਿਤ ਜਲ ਨਿਰਮਲੁ ਇਹੁ ਅਖਾਉਧੁ ਸਾਰਾ

ਗੁਰ ਪਰਸਾਦਿ ਕਹੇ ਜਨ ਜਨੁ ਭੀਖਨੁ ਪਾਵਉ ਮੋਖ ਦੁਆਰਾ।।3।।1।।

ਐਸਾ ਨਾਮ ਰਤਨ ਨਿਰਮੋਲਕ ਪੁੰਨਿ ਪਦਾਰਥ ਪਾਇਆ

ਅਨਿਕ ਜਤਨ ਕਰ ਹਿਰਦੇ ਰਾਖਿਆ ਰਤਨ ਨਾ ਛਪੈ ਛਪਾਇਆ

ਹਰਿ ਗੁਨ ਕਹਤੇ ਕਹਨੁ ਜਾਈ ਜੈਸੇ ਗੁੰਗੇ ਕੀ ਮਠਿਆਈ ।।ਰਹਾਉ।।

ਰਸਨਾ ਰਮਤ ਸੁਨਤ ਸੁਖ ਸੁਣਨਾ ਚਿਤ ਚੇਤੇ ਸੁਖੁ ਹੋਈ

ਕਹੁ ਭੀਖਨ ਦੁਇ ਨੈਨ ਸੰਤੋਖੇ ਜਹ ਦੇਖਾ ਤਹ ਸੋਈ।।4।।]

ਰਾਗੁ ਸੋਰਠਿ ਬਾਣੀ ਭਗਤ ਭੀਖਨ ਕੀ ੴ ਸਤਿਗੁਰ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਦਿ 

ਨੈਨਹੁ ਨੀਰੁ ਬਹੈ ਤਨੁ ਖੀਨਾ ਭਏ ਕੇਸ ਦੁਧ ਵਾਨੀ 

ਰੂਧਾ ਕੰਠੁ ਸਬਦੁ ਨਹੀ ਉਚਰੈ ਅਬ ਕਿਆ ਕਰਹਿ ਪਰਾਨੀ 

ਰਾਮ ਰਾਇ ਹੋਹਿ ਬੈਦ ਬਨਵਾਰੀ 

ਅਪਨੇ ਸੰਤਹ ਲੇਹੁ ਉਬਾਰੀ  ਰਹਾਉ 

ਮਾਥੇ ਪੀਰ ਸਰੀਰਿ ਜਲਨਿ ਹੈ ਕਰਕ ਕਰੇਜੇ ਮਾਹੀ 

ਐਸੀ ਬੇਦਨ ਉਪਜਿ ਖਰੀ ਭਈ ਵਾ ਕਾ ਅਉਖਧੁ ਨਾਹੀ 

ਹਰਿ ਕਾ ਨਾਮੁ ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤ ਜਲੁ ਨਿਰਮਲੁ ਇਹੁ ਅਉਖਧੁ ਜਗਿ ਸਾਰਾ 

ਗੁਰ ਪਰਸਾਦਿ ਕਹੈ ਜਨੁ ਭੀਖਨੁ ਪਾਵਉ ਮੋਖ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਅੰਗ 659

 ਇਨਸਾਨ ਬੁਢੇਪੇ ਵਿਚ ਜਦ ਮਨੁਖ ਦੇ ਹਰ ਅੰਗ ਜਵਾਬ ਦੇ ਦਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ ,ਸ਼ਰੀਰ ਢਿਲਾ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ , ਵਾਲ ਸਫੇਦ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ ਪਰ ਫਿਰ ਵੀ ਮੋਹ ਮਾਇਆ ਦੇ ਜਾਲ ਵਿਚ ਇਨਸਾਨ ਫਸਿਆ ਰਹਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ 1 ਇਸ ਸ਼ਰੀਰਕ ਮੋਹ ਨੂੰ ਮਿਟਾਉਣ ਦਾ ਇਲਾਜ ਵੀ ਉਹ ਆਪ ਦਸਦੇ ਹਨ, ਉਹ ਹੈ ਪ੍ਰਭੂ ਦਾ ਨਾਮ ਰੂਪੀ ਅਮ੍ਰਿਤ।  ਭੀਖਣ ਜੀ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਕਿ ਆਪਣੇ ਗੁਰੂ ਜੀ ਦੀ ਕਿਰਪਾ ਨਾਲ ਇਸਦਾ ਰਸਤਾ  ਮੈਂ ਢੂੰਢ ਲਿਆ ਹੈ, ਉਹ ਹੈ ਪ੍ਰਭੁ ਦਾ ਗੁਨਗਾਨ ਕਰਨਾ ਜਿਸ ਨਾਲ ਮੋਹ ਮਾਇਆ ਦਾ ਜਾਲ ਟੁਟ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਸਬਰ ਸੰਤੋਖ ਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਨਾਮ ਰਤਨ ਹਿਰਦੇ ਵਿਚ ਸਮਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ  ॥3॥1॥) ਭਗਤ ਭੀਖਨ ਜੀ ਦਾ ਦੂਜਾ ਸ਼ਬਦ:

ਐਸਾ ਨਾਮੁ ਰਤਨੁ ਨਿਰਮੋਲਕੁ ਪੁੰਨਿ ਪਦਾਰਥੁ ਪਾਇਆ 

ਅਨਿਕ ਜਤਨ ਕਰਿ ਹਿਰਦੈ ਰਾਖਿਆ ਰਤਨੁ ਨ ਛਪੈ ਛਪਾਇਆ 

ਹਰਿ ਗੁਨ ਕਹਤੇ ਕਹਨੁ ਨ ਜਾਈ  ਜੈਸੇ ਗੂੰਗੇ ਕੀ ਮਿਠਿਆਈ  ਰਹਾਉ 

ਰਸਨਾ ਰਮਤ ਸੁਨਤ ਸੁਖੁ ਸ੍ਰਵਨਾ ਚਿਤ ਚੇਤੇ ਸੁਖੁ ਹੋਈ 

ਕਹੁ ਭੀਖਨ ਦੁਇ ਨੈਨ ਸੰਤੋਖੇ ਜਹ ਦੇਖਾਂ ਤਹ ਸੋਈ  ਅੰਗ 659

  (ਵਾਹਿਗੁਰੂ) ਦਾ ਨਾਮ ਇੱਕ ਅਜਿਹਾ ਵਡਮੁੱਲਾ ਪਦਾਰਥ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਕਿਸਮਤ ਨਾਲ  ਹੀ ਮਿਲਦਾ ਹੈ ਇਸ ਰਤਨ ਨੂੰ ਜੇਕਰ ਅਨੇਕਾਂ ਜਤਨ ਕਰਕੇ ਵੀ ਦਿਲ ਵਿੱਚ ਗੁਪਤ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਰੱਖਿਏ ਤਾਂ ਵੀ ਲੁਕਾਏ ਨਹੀਂ ਲੁੱਕਦਾ । ਜੋ ਈਸ਼ਵਰ ਦੇ ਗੁਣ ਗਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਉਸਦਾ ਰਸਾ ਸਵਾਦ, ਮਨ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਾਂਤੀ ਤਾਂ ਕੇਵਲ ਉਹ ਹੀ ਦੱਸ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ, ਜਿਸ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ  ਇੱਕ ਗੂੰਗੇ ਨੇ ਮਠਿਆਈ ਖਾਧੀ ਹੋਵੇ ਤਾਂ ਉਸਦਾ ਸਵਾਦ ਗੂੰਗਾ ਦੱਸ ਨਹੀਂ ਸਕਦਾ ॥1॥ਰਹਾਉ।

ਆਖਿਰ 93 ਸਾਲ ਦੀ ਉਮਰ ਗੁਜ਼ਰ ਕੇ 1573 ਵਿਚ ਉਹ ਜੋਤੀ ਜੋਤ ਸਮਾ ਗਏ 1 ਆਪ ਦੀ ਮ੍ਰਿਤੂ ਦਾ ਸਮਾਂ ਲਗਭਗ 1630-31 ਈ. ਦੱਸੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ। ਇਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦਾ ਅਖੀਰ ਸਮਾਂ 1574 ਈਸਵੀ ਵੀ ਦਸਿਆ ਹੈ1

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Nirmal Anand

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